Stasis dermatitis is a skin condition caused by poor blood circulation, most commonly affecting the lower legs. It often develops as a result of venous insufficiency, where veins struggle to return blood to the heart, causing it to pool in the legs.
Early symptoms include skin discoloration, itching, and scaling. The skin may appear thin and irritated, and scratching can lead to cracks and fluid leakage. Over time, the condition can worsen, causing the skin to thicken, harden, and darken—a process known as lipodermatosclerosis. In advanced stages, painful ulcers may form, usually near the ankles.
People may also experience leg swelling, calf pain, tenderness, and a feeling of heaviness that worsens with prolonged standing. Risk factors include high blood pressure, obesity, varicose veins, heart or kidney disease, multiple pregnancies, and lack of physical activity.
Treatment focuses on improving circulation and managing symptoms. Helpful measures include elevating the legs, avoiding long periods of sitting or standing, wearing compression stockings, and using appropriate skin treatments as recommended by a doctor. In some cases, medications or surgery may be needed.
If left untreated, stasis dermatitis can lead to serious complications such as infections, chronic ulcers, and permanent scarring. Early care and proper management are key to preventing progression and improving quality of life.
